The M14 rifle, officially the United States Rifle, Caliber 7.62 mm, M14, is an American select-fire rifle that fires 7.62×51mm NATO (.308 in) ammunition. M16 Serial Number February 2, 1973 titlk In December of 1960 we started roll marking AR15 eifles. The following is a general breakdown by serial number Of major types model 03, 04, SMG, model 613 and Lebanon rifles. Starting S/N 101 through 14,484. For General Curtis LeMay (AR15). Serial number obfuscated. These original Colt fully automatic M16 series of rifles and carbines are very rare to.
(Redirected from List of Colt AR-15 variants)
ArmaLite AR-15 with the charging handle located on top of the upper receiver, protected within the carrying handle and a 25-round magazine
1973 Colt AR-15 SP1 rifle with 'slab side' lower receiver (lacking raised boss around magazine release button) and original Colt 20-round magazine.
M16A1 rifle with forward assist, raised boss around magazine release button and a 30-round magazine.
This article describes the many variations of the Colt AR-15 and M16 rifle family of weapons produced by Colt's Manufacturing Company. Weapons patterned on the original ArmaLite AR-15 design have been produced by numerous manufacturers and have been used by nations around the world, some of which created their own variations. The tables here are split in a variety of categories, and provide an overview of different subtypes. For purposes of these tables, bold model numbers are weapons used (or previously used) by the U.S. Military while italic model numbers are weapons for commercial or export sale. See Glossary of terms for an explanation of each column.
- 1Colt military models
- 2Colt civilian models
- 3Glossary of terms
Colt military models[edit]
Colt has been the most visible producer of ArmaLite AR-15 pattern weapons, and the military designations M16 & M4 are heavily associated with the company. Colt has an intricate internal nomenclature system for its models, with a variety of suffixes and prefixes. Colt’s systems have generally followed the times and though its model numbers originally came without prefixes, with the need to separate weapons made for civilian consumption from those made for military and law enforcement use, military models became prefixed with the code 'RO'. For the purposes of this table, the RO nomenclature is obviated as this terminology did not exist in all cases, but it can be understood to be present. Military/LE models are also easily identified by their three digit code in contrast to the four digit codes for civilian weapons.
Colt Armalite AR-15[edit]
The original Armalite AR-15 have the charging handle located on top of the upper receiver, protected within the carrying handle.
Colt model no. | Name | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
601 | ArmaLite AR-15 (AKA: XM16) | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .222 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:14 (early) 1:12 (late) | Yes | Type 1 Duckbill Type 2 Duckbill |
602 | ArmaLite AR-15 (AKA: XM16) | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | Type 2 Duckbill |
Colt M16 rifle based weapons[edit]
Colt model no. | Name | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
603 | M16A1 (AKA:XM16E1) | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | Type 2 Duckbill or A1 Birdcage |
604 | M16 rifle | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
605 | CAR-15 Carbine | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 15 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | Type 2 Duckbill |
605A | CAR-15 Carbine | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 15 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | Type 2 Duckbill |
605B | CAR-15 Carbine | A1 | Triangular | S-F-1-3 | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 15 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | Type 2 Duckbill |
606 | CAR-15 Heavy Assault Rifle M1 (AKA:Colt Automatic Rifle or Colt Light Machine Gun) | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | Type 2 Duckbill |
606A | CAR-15 Heavy Assault Rifle M1 (AKA:Colt Automatic Rifle or Colt Light Machine Gun) | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | Type 2 Duckbill |
606B | CAR-15 Heavy Assault Rifle M1 (AKA:Colt Automatic Rifle or Colt Light Machine Gun) | A1 | Triangular | S-F-1-3 | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | Type 2 Duckbill |
607 | CAR-15 SMG | 1st Generation | Short Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 10 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | Type 1 and 2 Duckbill and 3.5' Moderator |
607A | CAR-15 SMG | 1st Generation | Short Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 10 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | Type 1 and 2 Duckbill and 3.5' Moderator |
607B | CAR-15 SMG | 1st Generation | Short Triangular | S-F-1-3 | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 10 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | Type 1 and 2 Duckbill and 3.5' Moderator |
608 | CAR-15 Survival Rifle | Tubular | Short Round | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 10 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | Conical or 3.5' Moderator |
609 | Commando (AKA: XM177E1 or CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 10 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | 3.5' or 4.5' Moderator |
610 | Commando (AKA: XM177, GAU-5/A or CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 10 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | 3.5' or 4.5' Moderator |
610B | CAR-15 SMG | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-F-1-3 | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 10 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | 3.5' or 4.5' Moderator |
611 | M16 HBAR | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
611P | M16 HBAR (License produced by Elisco Tools) | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
613K | M16 (Licensed produced by Daewoo Precision Industries) | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
613P | M16 (License produced by Elisco Tools) | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
614 | M16 | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
614S | M16S1 (License produced by Chartered Arms Singapore) | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
615 | M16 HBAR | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
616 | M16 HBAR | A1 | Round | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
619 | Commando (AKA:XM177E1 or CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 10 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | 3.5' or 4.5' Moderator |
620 | Commando (AKA: CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 10 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | 3.5' or 4.5' Moderator |
621 | M16A1 HBAR | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
629 | Commando (AKA: XM177E2 or CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 11.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | 4.5' Moderator |
630 | Commando (AKA: GAU-5A/A or CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 11.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | 4.5' Moderator |
633 | Colt SMG | 2nd Generation | Short Round | S-1-F | A1 | No | Yes | 9mm NATO | 7 in. | A1 | 1:10 | No | None |
634 | Colt SMG | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | Conflict between S-1 and S-1-F | A1 | No | Yes | 9mm NATO | 10 in. | A1 | 1:10 | No | A1 Birdcage |
635 | Colt SMG | 2nd, 3rd, or 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | No | Yes | 9mm NATO | 10 in. | A1 | 1:10 | No | A1 Birdcage |
635S | Colt SMG | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | No | Yes | 9mm NATO | 10 in. | A1 w/ integral silencer | 1:10 | No | None |
639 | Commando (AKA: XM177E2 or CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 11.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | 4.5' Moderator or A1 |
639 | Colt SMG | 2nd | Short Ribbed | S-1-3 | A1 | No | Yes | 9mm NATO | 10 in. | A1 w/ integral silencer | 1:10 | No | A2 Compensator |
640 | Commando (AKA: XM177E2 or CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 11.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | 4.5' Moderator or A1 |
645 | M16A1E1/M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
645E | M16A2E1 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | Flattop (w/ flip down front sight) | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
646 | M16A2E3/M16A3 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
649 | Commando (AKA: GAU-5A/A or CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 11.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | No | 4.5' Moderator |
650 | M16A1 carbine (AKA: CAR-15) | A1 | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
651 | M16A1 carbine (AKA: CAR-15) | A1 | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
652 | M16A1 carbine (AKA: CAR-15) | A1 | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
653 | M16A1 carbine (AKA: CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
653P | M16A1 carbine (AKA: CAR-15) (License produced by Elisco Tools) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | .223 REM | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
654 | M16A1 carbine (AKA: CAR-15) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
655 | M16A1 Special High Profile | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | A1 (used with special raised carry handle scope mount) | Yes | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | A1 |
656 | M16A1 Special Low Profile | A1 | Triangular | S-1-F | Flattop | Yes | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
701 | M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
702 | M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
703 | M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
705 | M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
707 | M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
711 | M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No and Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
713 | M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
715 | M16A2 (License produced by Diemaco/Colt Canada as the C7) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
719 | M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
720 | XM4 Carbine | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
723 | M16A2 carbine (AKA: M4 Carbine) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
725 | M16A2 carbine (AKA: M4 Carbine) (License produced by Diemaco/Colt Canada as the C8) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
725A | M16A2 carbine (AKA: M4 Carbine) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
725B | M16A2 carbine (AKA: M4 Carbine) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
726 | M16A2 carbine (AKA: M4 Carbine) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
727 | M16A2 carbine (AKA: M4 Carbine) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
728 | M16A2 carbine (AKA: M4 Carbine) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 Compensator |
733 | M16A2 Commando (AKA: M4 Commando) | 3rd or 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 or A2 | Yes | Yes or No | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A1 or A2 | 1:7 | No | A1 or A2 |
733A | M16A2 Commando (AKA: M4 Commando) | 3rd or 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-3 | A1 or A2 | Yes | Yes or No | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A1 or A2 | 1:7 | No | A1 or A2 |
734 | M16A2 Commando (AKA: M4 Commando) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 or A2 | Yes | Yes or No | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A1 or A2 | 1:7 | No | A1 or A2 |
734A | M16A2 Commando (AKA: M4 Commando) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-3 | A1 or A2 | Yes | Yes or No | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A1 or A2 | 1:7 | No | A1 or A2 |
735 | M16A2 Commando (AKA: M4 Commando) | 3rd or 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-3 | A1 or A2 | Yes | Yes or No | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A1 or A2 | 1:7 | No | A1 or A2 |
737 | M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
738 | M4 Commando Enhanced | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-3-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A2 | 1:7 | No | A1 or A2 |
741 | M16A2 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
742 | M16A2 (Standard w/ bipod) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
745 | M16A2 (Standard w/ bipod) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
746 | M16A2 (Standard w/ bipod) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
750 | Colt Automatic Rifle (AKA: Colt Light Machine Gun) (Colt/Diemaco project) | A2 | Square LMG | S-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
777 | M4 Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
778 | M4 Carbine Enhanced | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-3-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
779 | M4 Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
901 | M16A3 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
905 | M16A4 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
920 | M4 Carbine | 3rd and 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-3 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
921 | M4E1/A1 Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
921HB | M4A1 Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
925 | M4E2 Carbine | 3rd or 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-3 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
927 | M4 Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
933 | M4 Commando | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A1 or A2 | 1:7 | No | A2 |
935 | M4 Commando | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-3 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A1 or A2 | 1:7 | No | A2 |
938 | M4 Commando Enhanced | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-3-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A2 | 1:7 | No | A2 |
977 | M4 Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-3 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
941 | M16A3 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
942 | M16A3 (Standard w/ bipod) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
945 | M16A2E4/M16A4 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-3 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
950 | Colt Automatic Rifle (AKA: Colt Light Machine Gun) (Colt/Diemaco project) | A2 | Square LMG | S-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
'977' | M4 Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-3 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
978 | M4 Carbine Enhanced | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-3-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
979 | M4A1 Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1-F | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
991 | Colt SMG | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | Flattop | No | Yes | 9mm NATO | 10.5 in. | A1 | 1:10 | No | A1 Birdcage |
992 | Colt SMG | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-3 | Flattop | No | Yes | 9mm NATO | 10.5 in. | A1 | 1:10 | No | A1 Birdcage |
Colt model no. | Name | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
Colt military models without model numbers[edit]
In rare instances some Colt models have been produced without in house model numbers, or at least one which is readily apparent.
Name | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M16 PIP/M16A1E1 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F or S-1-3 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A1 or A2 |
M16 ACR/M16A2E2 | Retractable ACR | ACR Type | S-1-3 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | No | ACR compensator |
XM231 FPW | FPW Wire | Short Round | S-F | None | No | No | .223 REM | 15.6 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | No | A1 |
M231 FPW | None | Short Round | S-F | None | No | No | .233 REM | 15.6 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | No | A1 |
Diemaco/Colt Canada models[edit]
The Canadian company Colt Canada (formerly Diemaco) licensed production of a rifle (Colt Model 715) and carbine (Colt Model 725), but later went on to produce an entire line of AR-15/M16 pattern weapons developed independently. In May 2005, Colt's Manufacturing Company acquired Diemaco, and the name was changed to Colt Canada.
Colt model no. | Diemaco model | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
715 | C7 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
N/A | C7A1 | A2 | Ribbed | S-1-F | Weaver | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
N/A | C7A2 | Canadian 3rd Generation | Ribbed | S-1-F | Weaver | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
750 | Colt/Diemaco LMG/LSW | A2 | Square LMG | S-F | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | No | A2 |
N/A | LSW | A2 | Square LMG | S-F | Weaver | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | No | A2 |
725 | C8 | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
N/A | C8A1 | Canadian 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | Weaver | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
N/A | C8FTHB | Canadian 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | Weaver | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
N/A | SFW | Canadian 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | Weaver | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | SFW | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
N/A | C8CQB | Canadian 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | Weaver | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 10 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
N/A | PDW | Canadian 3rd Generation | N/A | S-1-F | Weaver | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 5.7' in. | A2 | 1:7 | No | A2 |
Non-factory military models[edit]
Name | Base weapon | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GUU-5/P | GAU-5/A or GAU-5A/A | 2nd or 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | A1 or M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A1 or A2 |
GUU-5/P | GAU-5/A or GAU-5A/A | 2nd or 3rd Generation | M4 | S-1-F | A2 or Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
Mekut'zar | Model 653 | 3rd Generation or Israeli | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
Mekut'zrar | Model 653 | 2nd Generation or Israeli | Short Ribbed | S-1-F | A1 | Yes | No | 5.56 NATO | Variable; 9' average | A1 | 1:12 | No | Various |
Colt civilian models[edit]
Colt’s civilian line of semi-automatic Colt AR-15 rifles is identified by a four digit code following a specific prefix. Initially all Colt civilian weapons were listed with an “R” prefix, with this changing to “AR” following the passage of the Federal Assault Weapons Ban in 1994. Colt also produced a line of weapons aimed at target shooters under the “MT” prefix, which stood for Match Target, as well as, the Colt Accurized Rifle, which was the only model to feature the CR prefix. Most recently with the shift in marketing policy by Colt Defense, these weapons have been given the “LE” and 'LT' prefix. The 'LT' series is modified version of the Colt 6720 featuring a lightweight 'pencil' barrel with a free floating rail system. Only 1500 of the 'LT' series were produced. Currently, Colt Defense has no line targeted specifically at the private civilian market.
R series models[edit]
Colt model no. | Name | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R6000 | AR-15 Sporter (SP1) | A1 | Triangular | S-1 | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | Type 2 Duckbill or A1 |
R6001 | AR-15 Sporter Carbine (SP1 Carbine) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 16 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 |
R6002 | AR-15 Sporter (SP1; Bundled with 3x scope) | A1 | Triangular | S-1 | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 |
R6003 | AR-15 Sporter Carbine (SP1 Carbine; Bundled with 3x scope) | 2nd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 16 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 |
R6004 | AR-15 Sporter (SP1; Bundled with Colt Reflex Sighting System) | A1 | Triangular | S-1 | A1 | No | No | .223 REM | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | A1 |
R6420 | AR-15A2 Sporter II Carbine | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A1 | Yes | No & Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
R6430 | Sporter Lightweight (9 mm) | A2 | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A1 | No | Removable | 9mm NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:10 | Yes | A1 |
R6450 | AR-15 9 mm Carbine | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A1 | No | No & Removable | 9mm NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:10 | Yes | A1 |
R6500 | AR-15A2 Sporter II | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A1 | Yes | No & Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
R6510 | AR-15A2 Sporter II (Special export model in .222 Remington) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | No | .222 REM | 20 in. | A2 | 1:14 | Yes | A2 |
R6520 | AR-15A2 Government Carbine | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
R6521 | Colt Carbine (AR-15A2 Government Carbine) (Special export model with receiver block and large pin upper receiver) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes/No | A2 |
R6530 | Sporter Lightweight .223 | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:7 | No | A2 |
R6550 | AR-15A2 Government | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
R6550CC | AR-15A2 Government (w/ factory camouflage finish) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
R6550K | AR-15A2 Government (w/ factory installed .22 Long Rifle conversion kit) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
R6551 | Sporter Target | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
R6600 | AR-15A2 HBAR | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
R6600DH | AR-15A2 Delta HBAR (bundled w/ Tasco 3–9x scope and cheekpiece) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
R6600K | AR-15A2 HBAR (w/ factory installed .22 Long Rifle conversion kit) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
R6601 | Sporter Match HBAR | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | No | A2 |
R6601DH | Sporter Match Delta HBAR (bundled w/ Tasco 3–9x scope and cheekpiece) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | No | A2 |
R6700 | Sporter Competition HBAR | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | No | A2 |
R6700CH | Sporter Competition HBAR (bundled w/ Tasco 3–9x scope and cheekpiece) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | No | A2 |
R6700S | Sporter Competition HBAR (bundled w/ Tasco 3–9x scope) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | No | A2 |
R6701 | Sporter Competition HBAR (Special limited edition production run) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | No | A2 |
R6721 | AR-15A3 Tactical Carbine | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | Yes | A2 |
R6724 | Sporter Competition HBAR | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 24 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | No | A2 |
R6731 | AR-15A3 Competition HBAR | A2 | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | No | A2 |
R6750 | Sporter Competition HBAR (bundled w/ bipod) | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | Super-Heavy | 1:7 | No | A2 |
R6821 | Sporter Carbine (7.62×39mm) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 7.62×39mm | 16 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | No | A1 |
R6830 | Sporter Lightweight (7.62×39mm) | A2 | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 7.62×39mm | 16 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | No | A1 |
AR series models[edit]
Colt model no. | Name | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AR6320 | AR-15 Lightweight | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A1 | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:9 | Yes | A2 |
AR6450 | AR-15 9 mm Carbine | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A1 | No | Removable | 9mm NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:10 | Yes | A1 |
AR6520 | AR-15A2 Government Carbine | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
AR6520SP | AR-15A2 Government Carbine | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 10 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
AR6525 | AR-15A2 Government Carbine | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | A2 | 1:9 | Yes | A2 |
AR6530 | AR-15 Lightweight | A2 | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
AR6551 | AR-15 Target Model | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
AR6601 | AR-15 Match HBAR | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
AR6700 | AR-15 Competition HBAR | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | Yes | A2 |
AR6721 | AR-15A3 Tactical Carbine | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | Yes | A2 |
AR6721SP | AR-15A3 Tactical Carbine | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 10 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | Yes | A2 |
AR6951 | Colt 9 mm Carbine | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | No | Yes | 9mm NATO | 16.1 in. | A2 | 1:10 | Yes | A1 Birdcage |
MT and CR series models[edit]
Colt model no. | Name | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CR6724 | Colt Accurized Rifle | A2 | FF Tube | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 24 in. | Stainless HBAR | 1:9 | No | None |
CR6720 | Colt Accurized Rifle | A2 | FF Tube | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | Stainless HBAR | 1:9 | No | None |
CRM16A1 | M16A1 Retro Reissue | A1 | Triangular | S-1 | A1 | Yes | No | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A1 | 1:12 | Yes | Type 2 Duckbill |
MT6400 | Match Target M4 | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | M4 | 1:7 | No | None |
MT6400C | Match Target M4 | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | M4 | 1:7 | No | Factory compensator |
MT6430 | Match Target Lightweight | A2 | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A1 | No | Yes | 9mm Luger | 16 in. | A1 | 1:10 | No | None |
MT6530 | Match Target Lightweight | A2 | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | A1 | 1:7 | No | None |
MT6551 | Match Target Rifle | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | A2 | 1:7 | No | None |
MT6601 | Match Target HBAR | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | No | None |
MT6601C | Match Target HBAR | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:7 | No | Factory compensator |
MT6700 | Match Target Competition HBAR | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | No | None |
MT6700C | Match Target Competition HBAR | A2 | Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | No | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 20 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | No | Factory compensator |
MT6731 | Match Target Competition HBAR II | A2 | Short Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | .223 REM 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | HBAR | 1:9 | No | None |
MT6830 | AR-15A2 Government Carbine (Post-Ban LE Only) | 3rd Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | A2 | Yes | Yes | .223 REM | 16 in. | HBAR | 1:12 | Yes | A2 |
LE series models[edit]
Colt model no. | Name | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LE1020 | Gas Piston Carbine | 4th Generation | Rail System | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LE1033 | Gas Piston Commando | 4th Generation | Rail System | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LE6920 | Law Enforcement Carbine (Also produced under license by Colt Canada) | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LE6920HB | Law Enforcement Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | M4 HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LE6921 | M4LE Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LE6921CQB | M4LE Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 10.5 in. | M4 HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LE6921HB | M4LE Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 14.5 in. | M4 HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LE6921SP | M4LE Carbine | 4th Generation | M4 | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 10 in. | M4 HBAR | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LE6933 | M4LE Commando | 4th Generation | Short Ribbed | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 11.5 in. | A2 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LE6940 | Monolithic Advanced Law Enforcement Carbine | 4th Generation | Monolithic Rail System | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LE6941 | Law Enforcement Carbine (direct impingement version of LE1020) | 4th Generation | Rail System | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | M4 | 1:7 | Yes | A2 |
LT series models[edit]
Colt model no. | Name | Stock | Hand guards | Fire control | Rear sight | Forward assist | Case deflector | Caliber | Barrel length | Barrel profile | Barrel twist | Bayonet Lug | Muzzle device |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LT6720-R | Talo Special Edition | 4th Generation | Rail System | S-1 | Flattop | Yes | Yes | 5.56 NATO | 16 in. | Lightweight pencil barrel | 1:7 | No | A2 |
Glossary of terms[edit]
Stock[edit]
Fixed Stocks
- A1: Fixed stock as used on M16 and M16A1. May or may not have a trapdoor to store a cleaning kit
- A2: Improved stock used on M16A2. Longer by 5/8'
- Tubular: Fixed tubular buttstock, similar to the 2nd Generation retractable unit, using a receiver extension and triangular rear with buttplate
Retractable Stocks
- 1st Generation: 2-position sliding stock that resembled a shortened fixed buttstock
- 2nd Generation: 2-position aluminum retractable stock
- 3rd Generation: 2-position fiberlite retractable stock. Introduced 1985
- Canadian 3rd Generation: 4-position fiberlite retractable stock fitted with rubber buttpad
- 4th Generation: 4-position nylon retractable stock. Introduced 2002, designed by Picatinny Arsenal engineer Lily Ko with reinforced ribs, an angled buttplate, and a rear sling swivel
- Retractable ACR: Similar in design to the so-called 'Crane Stock' (initially fabricated by the Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Division) essentially a 3rd generation unit with integrated cheek-rest
- FPW Wire: Retractable wire stock similar in appearance to the stock used on the M3 submachine gun
- Israeli: Rebuilt 3rd Generation stocks with 6 positions instead of 2
Handguards[edit]
- Triangular: Triangular rifle handguards
- Short Triangular: Carbine length triangular handguards
- Round: Smooth round rifle handguards[citation needed]
- Short Round: Carbine length smooth round handguard
- Ribbed: Ribbed round rifle handguards
- Short Ribbed: Carbine length ribbed handguards
- Square LMG: Special heavy handguards with integral vertical grip for use during sustained fire
- FF Tube: Free-Float Tube
- M4: Oval carbine handguards with double heatshields
- Rail System: Handguards are replaced with a Rail Integration System.
- Monolithic Rail Platform (MRP): A variant Rail System made by LMT. It has a free-floating barrel for greater accuracy.
Fire control[edit]
- S-1: The selector is Safe (S) – Semi-Automatic (1)
- S-F: The selector is Safe (S) – Fully Automatic (F)
- S-1-F: The selector is Safe (S) – Semi-Automatic (1) – Fully Automatic (F)
- S-1–3: The selector is Safe (S) – Semi-Automatic (1) – 3-Round Limiter (3)
- S-F-1–3: The selector is Safe (S) – Fully Automatic (F) – Semi-Automatic (1) – 3-Round Limiter (3). First Generation 4 position group
- S-1–3-F: The selector is Safe (S) – Semi-Automatic (1) – 3-Round Limiter (3) – Fully Automatic (F). Second Generation 4 position group
Rear sight[edit]
- A1: 'Field sights' in which the rear sight is only adjustable for windage
- A2: Rear sight adjustable for both windage and elevation
- Flattop: Indicates carry handle and rear sight has been replaced with a MIL-STD-1913 rail. A detachable carry handle can be attached to the rail which features either A1 (Diemaco/Colt Canada) or A2 (Colt) sights
- Weaver: Indicates carry handle and rear sight has been replaced with a Weaver-type rail. A detachable carry handle can be attached to the rail which features either A1 (Diemaco/Colt Canada) or A2 (Colt) sights
Barrel Profile[edit]
- ArmaLite Early ArmaLite AR-15 ultra-lightweight 'Hollywood' turned-down profile barrel, 1:14 twist only
- A1: Also referred to as the 'lightweight' or 'pencil' profile. Government-specified barrel profile increased to between 0.675 and 0.575 inches
- A2: Also referred to as the 'government' or 'gov't' profile. Barrel profile for which the portion of the barrel in front of handguards is thickened to 0.715 inches
- HBAR: A barrel that in some portion is thicker than government-profile, usually underneath the handguards
- M4: Government barrel profile with small portion reduced to 0.575 inches to mount M203 grenade launcher
- M4 HBAR: M4 barrel with portion under handguard thickened for sustained automatic fire
- Super Heavy: Special Colt bull target/match barrel
- SFW: Special Forces Weapon profile, A2 profile with 'fat' portion forward of the sight triangle
Barrel twist[edit]
Note: Metric measurements are rounded upwards to the nearest digit.
- 1:14: 1 right hand twist every 14 inches (356 mm) .222 Remington or .223 Remington (US M193)
- 1:12: 1 right hand twist every 12 inches (305 mm) .223 Remington (US M193) or 7.62×39mm
- 1:10: 1 right hand twist every 10 inches (254 mm) 9×19mm NATO
- 1:9: 1 right hand twist every 9 inches (229 mm) .223 Remington & 5.56×45mm NATO
- 1:7: 1 right hand twist every 7 inches (178 mm) 5.56×45mm NATO (NATO SS109 & US M855)
Muzzle device[edit]
- Type 1 Duckbill: Original three-prong flash hider
- Type 2 Duckbill: Also referred to as 'three prong.' A larger three-prong flash hider
- A1 or A1 Birdcage: Also referred to as Birdcage flash hider
- A2 or A2 Compensator: Birdcage flash hider with bottom slots closed off to act as muzzle compensator and to prevent dust from being blown into the shooters face while in the prone position
- 3.5' Moderator or 4.5' Moderator: Either the 3.5-inch or 4.5-inch baffled moderators
- Conical: A conical flash suppressor
- ACR Compensator: Special anti-rise muzzle device developed specifically for the Colt ACR
- Factory Compensator: Colt Factory muzzle brake compliant with the restrictions of the 1994 Federal Assault Weapons Ban
References[edit]
- Bartocci, Christopher R. (2004). Black Rifle II: The M16 into the 21st Century. Cobourg, Canada: Collector Grade Publications Inc. ISBN0-88935-348-4.
- Dockery, Kevin. Special Warfare Special Weapons. Chicago, IL: Emperor's Press, 1997. ISBN1-883476-00-3.
- Gervasi, Tom. Arsenal of Democracy III: America's War Machine, the Pursuit of Global Dominance. New York, NY: Grove Press, Inc, 1984. ISBN0-394-54102-2.
- Long, Duncan. The Complete AR-15/M16 Sourcebook. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2001. ISBN0-87364-687-8.
- Stevens, R. Blake; Edward C. Ezell (2004) [1987]. The Black Rifle: M16 Retrospective. Modern U.S. Military Small Arms (Second Enhanced ed.). Cobourg, Canada: Collector Grade Publications Inc. ISBN0-88935-115-5.
See also[edit]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Colt_AR-15_%26_M16_rifle_variants&oldid=897625993'
U.S. rifle, caliber 7.62 mm, M14 | |
---|---|
Type | Battle rifle, automatic rifle, sniper rifle, designated marksman rifle |
Place of origin | United States |
Service history | |
In service | 1959–present (in limited service since 1964) |
Used by | See Users |
Wars | See Conflicts |
Production history | |
Designed | 1949 |
Manufacturer | Springfield Armory Winchester Harrington & Richardson Thompson-Ramo-Wooldridge, Inc. |
Produced | 1959–1964[1][2] |
No. built | 1.3 million[3] |
Variants | M14E1, M14E2/M14A1, M14K, M21, M25, Mk 14 EBR, M1A rifle |
Specifications | |
Mass | 9.2 lb (4.1 kg) empty 10.7 lb (4.85 kg) w/ loaded magazine |
Length | 44.3 in (1,126 mm) |
Barrel length | 22 in (559 mm) |
Cartridge | 7.62×51mm NATO (.308 win) |
Action | Gas-operated, rotating bolt |
Rate of fire | 700–750 rounds/min |
Muzzle velocity | 850 m/s (2,800 ft/s) |
Effective firing range | 460 m (500 yd)[4] 800+ m (875+ yd) (with optics)/3,725 maximum range[5][6] |
Feed system | 20-round detachable box magazine |
Sights | Aperture rear sight, 'barleycorn' front sight |
The M14 rifle, officially the United States Rifle, Caliber 7.62 mm, M14,[7] is an American select-firerifle that fires 7.62×51mm NATO (.308 in) ammunition. It became the standard-issued rifle for the U.S. military in 1959[8] replacing the M1 Garand rifle in the U.S. Army by 1961 and the U.S. Marine Corps by 1965 until being replaced by the M16 rifle beginning in 1964. The M14 was used by U.S. Army, Navy, and Marine Corps for basic and advanced individual training (AIT) from the mid-1960s to the early 1970s.
The M14 was the last American battle rifle issued in quantity to U.S. military personnel. It was replaced by the M16 assault rifle, a lighter weapon using a smaller caliber intermediate cartridge. The M14 rifle remains in limited service in all branches of the U.S. military as an accurized competition weapon, a ceremonial weapon by honor guards, color guards, drill teams and ceremonial guards, and sniper rifle/designated marksman rifle. Civilian semi-automatic models are used for hunting, plinking, target shooting, and shooting competitions.
The M14 is the basis for the M21[9] and M25 sniper rifles which were largely replaced by the M24 Sniper Weapon System.[10] A new variant of the M14, the Mk 14 Enhanced Battle Rifle has been in service since 2002.[11]
- 1History
- 1.3Production contracts
- 2Rifle design
- 3Variants and related designs
- 3.1Military
- 3.2Commercial production
History[edit]
Early development[edit]
The M14 was developed from a long line of experimental weapons based upon the M1 Garand rifle. Although the M1 was among the most advanced infantry rifles of the late 1930s, it was not an ideal weapon. Modifications were already beginning to be made to the basic M1 rifle's design during the last months of World War II. Changes included adding fully automatic firing capability and replacing the eight-round en bloc clips with a detachable box magazine holding 20 rounds. Winchester, Remington, and Springfield Armory's own John Garand offered different conversions. Garand's design, the T20, was the most popular, and T20 prototypes served as the basis for a number of Springfield test rifles from 1945 through the early 1950s.[12]
T25 prototype
In 1945, Earle Harvey of Springfield Armory designed a completely different rifle, the T25, for the new T65 .30 light rifle cartridge [7.62×49mm] at the direction of Col. Rene Studler, then serving in the Pentagon.[13] The two men were transferred to Springfield Armory in late 1945, where work on the T25 continued.[13] The T25 was designed to use the T65 service cartridge, a Frankford Arsenal design based upon .30-06 cartridge case used in the M1 service rifle, but shortened to the length of the .300 Savage case.[13] Although shorter than the .30-06, with less powder capacity, the T65 cartridge retained the ballistics and energy of the .30-06 due to the use of a recently developed ball powder made by Olin Industries.[13][14] After experimenting with several bullet designs, the T65 was finalized for adoption as the 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge.[13] Olin Industries later introduced the cartridge on the commercial market as the .308 Winchester.[13] After a series of revisions by Earle Harvey and other members of the .30 light rifle design group following the 1950 Fort Benning tests, the T25 was renamed the T47.[13]
The T44 prototype service rifle was not principally designed by any single engineer at Springfield Armory, but was a conventional design developed on a shoestring budget as an alternative to the T47.[13] With minimal funding available, the earliest T44 prototypes used T20E2 receivers fitted with magazine filler blocks and re-barreled for 7.62×51mm NATO, with the long operating rod/piston of the M1 replaced by the T47's gas cut-off system.[13] Lloyd Corbett, an engineer in Harvey's rifle design group, added various refinements to the T44 design, including a straight operating rod and a bolt roller to reduce friction.[13]
Infantry Board service rifle trials[edit]
Experimental T47 rifle
The T44 participated in a competitive service rifle competition conducted by the Infantry Board at Fort Benning, Georgia against the Springfield T47 (a modified T25) and the T48, a variant of Fabrique Nationale's FN FAL (from 'Fusil Automatique Leger', French for 'light automatic rifle').[15] The T47, which did not have a bolt roller and performed worse in dust and cold weather tests than both the T44 and the T48, was dropped from consideration in 1953.[13] During 1952–53, testing proved the T48 and the T44 roughly comparable in performance, with the T48 holding an advantage in ease of field stripping and dust resistance, as well as a longer product development lead time.[13][15] A Newsweek article in July 1953 hinted that the T48/FAL might be selected over the T44.[13][16] During the winter of 1953–54, both rifles competed in the winter rifle trials at U.S. Army facilities in the Arctic.[15][17] Springfield Armory engineers, anxious to ensure the selection of the T44, had been specially preparing and modifying the test T44 rifles for weeks with the aid of the armory's cold chamber, including redesign of the T44 gas regulator and custom modifications to magazines and other parts to reduce friction and seizing in extreme cold.[15][17] The T48 rifles received no such special preparation, and in the continued cold weather testing began to experience sluggish gas system functioning, aggravated by the T48's close-fitting surfaces between bolt and carrier, and carrier and receiver.[13][15][17] FN engineers opened the gas ports in an attempt to improve functioning, but this caused early/violent extraction and broken parts as a result of the increased pressures.[13][15][17] As a result, the T44 was ranked superior in cold weather operation to the T48.[15] The Arctic Test Board report made it clear that the T48 needed improvement and that the U.S. would not adopt the T48 until it had successfully completed another round of Arctic tests the following winter.[13][15]
In June 1954, funding became available to manufacture newly fabricated T44 receivers specially designed for the shorter T65 cartridge.[13] This one change to the T44 design saved a pound in rifle weight over that of the M1 Garand.[13] Tests at Fort Benning with the T44 and T48 continued through the summer and fall of 1956.[13] By this time, the T48/FAL rifles had been so improved that malfunction rates were almost as low as the T44.[13]
The T44 was selected over the T48/FAL primarily due to weight (T44 was a pound lighter), simplicity with fewer parts, the T44's self-compensating gas system, and the argument that the T44 could be manufactured on existing machinery built for the M1 rifle (this later turned out to be unworkable).[13][15][17][18] In 1957, the U.S. formally adopted the T44 as the U.S. infantry service rifle, designated M14.[13]
Production contracts[edit]
Initial production contracts for the M14 were awarded to the Springfield Armory, Winchester, and Harrington & Richardson.[19]Thompson-Ramo-Wooldridge Inc. (TRW) would later be awarded a production contract for the rifle as well.[19] 1,376,031 M14 service rifles were produced from 1959 to 1964.[19]
National Match M14[edit]
Springfield Armory produced 6,641 new M14 NM rifles in 1962 and 1963, while TRW produced 4,874 new M14 NM rifles in 1964.[19] Springfield Armory later upgraded 2,094 M14 rifles in 1965 and 2,395 M14 rifles in 1966 to National Match specifications, while 2,462 M14 rifles were rebuilt to National Match standards in 1967 at the Rock Island Arsenal.[19] A total of 11,130 National Match rifles were delivered by Springfield Armory, Rock Island Arsenal, and TRW during 1962–1967.[19]
Production M14 rifles made by Springfield Armory and Winchester used forged receivers and bolts milled from AISI 8620 steel, a low-carbon molybdenum-chromium steel.[19] Harrington & Richardson M14 production used AISI 8620 steel as well, except for ten receivers milled from AISI 1330 low-carbon steel and a single receiver made from alloy steel with a high nickel content.[19]
Deployment[edit]
A U.S. soldier with an M14 watches as supplies are dropped in 1967 during the Vietnam War.
After the M14's adoption, Springfield Armory began tooling a new production line in 1958, delivering the first service rifles to the U.S. Army in July 1959. However, long production delays resulted in the 101st Airborne Division being the only unit in the army fully equipped with the M14 by the end of 1961. The Fleet Marine Force finally completed the change from M1 to M14 in late 1962. Springfield Armory records reflect that M14 manufacture ended as TRW, fulfilling its second contract, delivered its final production increment in fiscal year 1965 (1 July 1964 – 30 June 1965). The Springfield archive also indicates the 1.38 million rifles were acquired for just over $143 million, for a unit cost of about $104.[1][2]
The rifle served adequately during its brief tour of duty in Vietnam.[20] Though it was unwieldy in the thick brush due to its length and weight, the power of the 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge allowed it to penetrate cover quite well and reach out to extended range, developing 2,560 ft·lbf (3,463 J) of muzzle energy. However, there were several drawbacks to the M14. The traditional wood stock of the rifle had a tendency to swell and expand in the heavy moisture of the jungle, adversely affecting accuracy. Fiberglass stocks were produced to resolve this problem, but the rifle was discontinued before very many could be distributed for field use. Also, because of the M14's powerful 7.62×51mm cartridge, the weapon was deemed virtually uncontrollable in fully automatic mode, so most M14s were permanently set to semi-automatic fire only to avoid wasting ammunition in combat.[21][14][22]
A rare M14 presentation model, serial No. 0010
The M14 was developed to replace seven different weapons—the M1 Garand, M1903 Springfield, M1917 Enfield, M1 carbine, M3 Grease Gun, M1928/M1 Thompson, and M1918 Browning automatic rifle (BAR). The intention was to simplify the logistical requirements of the troops by limiting the types of ammunition and parts needed to be supplied. However, it proved to be an impossible task to replace all these weapons. The M14 was also deemed 'completely inferior' to the World War II M1 Garand in a September 1962 report by the U.S. Department of Defensecomptroller.[23] The cartridge was too powerful for the submachine gun role and the weapon was simply too light to serve as a light machine gun replacement for the BAR.[24]
Replacement[edit]
The M14 remained the primary infantry rifle in Vietnam until it was replaced by the M16 in 1966–67, though combat engineer units kept them several years longer. Further procurement of the M14 was abruptly halted in early 1964 due to the U.S. Department of Defense report which had also stated that the AR-15 (soon to be M16) was superior to the M14. (The DOD did not cancel FY 1963 orders not yet delivered.) After the report, a series of tests and reports by the U.S. Department of the Army followed that resulted in the decision to cancel the M14.[23] The M16 was ordered as a replacement for the M14 by direction of Secretary of DefenseRobert McNamara in 1964, over the objection of the U.S. Army officers who had backed the M14. (Other factions within the Army research and development community had opposed the M14 and the 7.62×51mm round from the start.) Though production of the M14 was officially discontinued, some disgruntled troops managed to hang on to them while deriding the early model M16 as a frail and under-powered 'Mattel toy'[25] that was prone to jam. In late 1967, the U.S. Army designated the M16 as the 'Standard A' rifle, and the M14 became a 'Limited Standard' weapon. The M14 rifle remained the standard rifle for U.S. Army Basic Training and troops stationed in Europe until 1970.[26]
The U.S. Army converted several thousand M14s into M21sniper rifles, which remained standard issue for this purpose until the adoption of the M24 SWS in 1988.
In 1969, tooling for the M14 was sold to Taiwan and later many rifles were exported to Baltic countries and Israel.[27][verification needed]
Post-1970 U.S. military service[edit]
An Army marksman in Fallujah, Iraq, using an M14 with a Leupold LR/T 10×40 mm M3 scope
In the mid-1990s, the Marine Corps chose a new rifle for Designated Marksman use, an M14 modified by the Precision Weapons Shop in Marine Corps Base Quantico called the Designated Marksman Rifle (DMR). It is intended for use by security teams (SRTs, FAST companies), and Marine Scout Snipers in the cases where a semi-automatic rifle would be more appropriate than the standard bolt-action M40A1/A3 rifle. The USMC Rifle Team uses the M14 in shooting competitions. Although the M14 was phased out as the standard-issue rifle by 1970, M14 variants are still used by various branches of the U.S. Military as well as other armed forces, especially as a sniper rifle and as a designated marksman rifle, due to its accuracy and effectiveness at long range. Few M14s were in use in the Army until the Afghanistan and Iraq Wars. Since the start of these conflicts, many M14s have been employed as designated marksman and sniper rifles. These are not M21 rifles, but original production M14s. Common modifications include scopes, fiberglass stocks, and other accessories.[28] A 2009 study conducted by the U.S. Army claimed that half of the engagements in Afghanistan occurred from beyond 300 meters (330 yd).[29] America's 5.56×45mm NATO service rifles are ineffective at these ranges; this has prompted the reissue of thousands of M14s.[30]
A USMC Designated Marksman Rifle (DMR) in use
A Gunner's Mate using an M14 rifle to fire a shot line from the USS Carter Hall to USNS Lewis and Clark.
The 1st Battalion of the 3rd United States Infantry Regiment ('The Old Guard') in the Military District of Washington is the sole remaining regular U.S. Army combat field unit where the M14 is still issued as the standard rifle, along with a chromed bayonet and an extra wooden stock with white sling for military funerals, parades, and other ceremonies. The United States Air Force Honor Guard uses a version of the M14.[31] The U.S. Navy Ceremonial Guard and Base Honor Guards also use the M14 for 3-volley salutes in military funerals. It is also the drill and parade rifle of the United States Military Academy, United States Naval Academy, United States Air Force Academy, The Citadel, Norwich University, Virginia Military Institute, and North Georgia College and State University.[32] U.S. Navy ships carry several M14s in their armories. They are issued to sailors going on watch out on deck in port, and to Backup Alert Forces. The M14 is also used to shoot a large rubber projectile to another ship when underway to start the lines over for alongside refueling and replenishment.[33]
A SEAL operator with an M14 rifle participating in maritime interdiction enforcement during Operation Desert Storm.
Various sniper variants have been used by the United States Navy SEALs. Often mistaken for the M21 in the overt literature, only one of them has received a standard name in the U.S. military designations system: the M25, developed by the Special Forces. SEALs also use the Mk 14 Mod 0 Enhanced Battle Rifle (EBR) for close-quarters battle and in a designated marksman role. 'Delta Force' units are known to have used M14 sniper variants. According to Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War, the well-known account of the Battle of Mogadishu, Sergeant First Class Randy Shughart used an M14 for sniping from helicopters to provide support fire to ground troops.[34]
The U.S. Army Special Forces ('Green Berets') have made some use of the M25 'spotter rifle'. The M25 was developed in the late 1980s within the 10th Special Forces Group, which was charged to support Special Forces sniper weapons as well as the Special Operations Target Interdiction Course (SOTIC). The M25 was first planned as a replacement for the old M21, but after the Army adoption of the M24 SWS as its standard sniper rifle, the M25 was intended to be used by spotters of the sniper teams, while the snipers would use the bolt-action M24.
The M14 has remained in service longer than any other U.S. infantry rifle, surpassing the Springfield M1903 rifle. It also holds the distinction of serving as the standard infantry rifle of the U.S. Army for the second-shortest span of time of any service rifle, only surpassed by the short-lived US Krag–Jørgensen rifles and carbines.[35]
Service with other nations[edit]
The Philippines issues M14 rifles, M1/M2 carbines, M1 rifles, and M16 rifles, to their civilian defense forces and various cadet corps service academies. The Hellenic Navy uses the M14.
The M14 production Springfield tooling and assembly line was sold in 1967 to the Republic of China (Taiwan), who in 1968 began producing their Type 57 Rifle. The State Arsenal of the Republic of China produced over 1 million of these rifles from 1969 to the present. Other than the surface finish it is essentially a US rifle. It is used by the reserves and as a backup defense weapon, and used by airport guards.
M-16 Serial Number Dates
In Mainland China, Norinco has produced an M14 variant for export, being sold in the U.S. prior to the importation ban of 1989 and the enactment of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Rifles made by Poly Technologies were imported to the US in the 1980s but were banned from further import in 1989 by the first Bush Administration.[36] They are currently being sold in Canada, Italy and New Zealand.[37] They have been marketed under the M14S[38] and M305[39] names.
Rifle design[edit]
Receiver markings[edit]
Stamped into receiver heel:
- U.S. Rifle
- 7.62-MM M14
- Springfield Armory (or commercial contractor name)
- Serial number
Stock[edit]
M14 with magazine
The M14 rifle was first furnished with a walnut stock, then with birch and finally with a synthetic (fiberglass) stock, which was adopted for use in damp jungle environments in Vietnam, since the wood versions would often become warped and swollen with moisture. The stock was also fitted with a hinged shoulder rest for improved user comfort when firing from a prone position.[40] Original equipment walnut and birch stocks carry the Department of Defense acceptance stamp or cartouche (an arc of three stars above a spread-winged eagle). These stocks also carried a proof stamp, a P within a circle, applied after successful test-firing.
Rifles manufactured through late 1960 were provided with walnut handguards.Thereafter synthetic, slotted (ventilated) hand guards were furnished but provedtoo fragile for military use. These were replaced by the solid synthetic partstill in use, usually in dark brown, black or a camouflage pattern.
Rifling[edit]
Standard M14 rifling has right-hand twist in 1:12 inches with 4 grooves.
Accessories[edit]
Although M14 rifle production ended in 1964, the limited standard status of the weapon resulted in the continued manufacture of accessories and spare parts into the late 1960s and beyond.
- M6 bayonet with M8A1 sheath
- M2 Bandoleer (Has 6 pockets, each containing 2 × 5-round Mauser-type clips for a total of 60 rounds, and a pouch for a magazine filler. The sling was adjustable and was held in place with a matte-black steel safety pin). Standard Operating Procedure was for the operator to use up the ammunition in the bandoleers before using the loaded magazines in the ammo pouches. The pockets' stitching could be ripped out to allow the bandoleer to carry 6 pre-loaded 20-round magazines.
- Sling [The service rifle used a one-piece cotton or nylon webbing sling and the competition and sniping variants use the standard M1907 two-piece leather sling]
- Cleaning kit (contained in the stock's butt-trap) included: a combination tool, ratchet chamber brush, plastic lubricant case, brass bore brush, four cleaning rod sections, cleaning rod case, and a cleaning rod patch-holding tip.
- M5 winter trigger and winter safety
- M12 blank firing attachment and M3 breech shield
- Cartridge charger clip (holds five cartridges)
- Magazine filler (or 'spoon') for charging detached magazines externally. (The M14 has a groove over the action that allows the operator to place a loaded clip and top off the attached magazine internally through the open action).
- M1956 Universal Small Arms Ammunition Pouch, First Pattern (could hold 2 × 20-round M14 magazines horizontally).
- M1956 Universal Small Arms Ammunition Pouch, Second Pattern (could hold 3 × 20-round M14 magazines vertically).
- M1961 ammunition magazine pouch. (Could carry 1 × 20-round M14 magazine. The bottom of the pouch contained eyelets for attaching a First Aid Pouch or 3-cell (6 pocket) Grenade Carrier that could tie down around the thigh.)
- M2 bipod
- M76 rifle grenade launcher
- M15 grenade launcher sight
- Mk 87 Mod 0/1 line (rope) throwing kit
Types of sights[edit]
- Rear peep, front blade, metric
- Rear National Match peep with hood, front National Match blade, metric
Variants and related designs[edit]
A U.S. Border Patrol Agent with an M14 rifle on the northern U.S. border.
Military[edit]
M15[edit]
The M15 Squad Automatic Weapon was a modified M14 developed as a replacement for the .30-06M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle for use as a squad automatic weapon. It added a heavier barrel and stock, two pistol grips (one fixed, one folding) a hinged buttplate, a selector switch for fully automatic fire, and a bipod. The sling was from the BAR. Like the M14, it was chambered for 7.62×51mm NATO.
Firing tests showed that the M14, when equipped with the selector switch, hinged buttplate and bipod, performed as well as the M15. As a result, the M15 was dropped and the modified M14 became the squad automatic weapon. Accuracy and control problems with this variant led to the addition of a pistol grip, a folding rubber covered metal foregrip and a muzzle stabilizer. However, it was a poor suppressive fire weapon owing to 20-round magazines and it overheated rapidly.
M14E1[edit]
The M14E1 was tested with a variety of folding stocks to provide better maneuverability for armored infantry, paratroopers and others. No variant was standardized.
M14E2/M14A1[edit]
Selective fire version of the standard M14 used as a squad automatic weapon. Successor to the full-automatic M14 with a bipod and the never issued M15. The developmental model was known as the M14E2. As a conceptional weapon developed by the Infantry School, it was known as the M14 (USAIB) (United States Army Infantry Board). It was issued in 1963 and redesignated as M14A1 in 1966.
It had a full pistol-gripped in-line stock to control recoil, a plastic upper forend to save weight, a muzzle compensator, the BAR sling, an M2 bipod, and a folding metal vertical foregrip mounted under the forend of the stock. Although an improvement over the M14 when in full-auto, it was still difficult to control, overheated rapidly, and the 20-round magazine limited its ability to deliver suppressive fire.
M14M (Modified)/M14NM (National Match)[edit]
The M14M is a semi-automatic only version of the standard M14 that was developed for use in civilian rifle marksmanship activities such as the Civilian Marksmanship Program. M14M rifles were converted from existing M14 rifles by welding the select-fire mechanism to prevent full-automatic firing. The M14NM (National Match) is an M14M rifle built to National Match accuracy standards.
The M14M and M14NM rifles are described in a (now-obsolete) Army regulation, AR 920-25, 'Rifles, M14M and M14NM, For Civilian Marksmanship Use,' dated 8 February 1965. Paragraph 2, among other things, stated that the Director of the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax Division, Internal Revenue Service, Department of the Treasury (predecessor to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives) had ruled that M14M and M14NM rifles so modified would not be subject to the 1934 National Firearms Act (NFA) and, as such, could be sold or issued to civilians. However, with the passage of the Gun Control Act of 1968, the NFA was amended to prohibit sales of previously modified automatic weapons such as the M14M and M14NM to civilians.
M14 SMUD[edit]
Stand-off Munition Disruption, used by Explosive Ordnance Disposal personnel to destroy unexploded ordnance. Essentially an M14 National Match rifle with scope.
Mk 14 EBR[edit]
A soldier using a M14 EBR-RI equipped with a Sage M14ALCS chassis stock provides security in Iraq, 2006.
The Mk 14 Enhanced Battle Rifle is a more tactical version of the M14, with a shorter 18-inch barrel, a retractable stock and multiple rails for more accessories.
M14 Tactical[edit]
Modified M14 using the same stock as the Mk 14 but with a 22-inch barrel and a Smith Enterprise muzzle brake, used by the U.S. Coast Guard.
M14 Designated Marksman Rifle[edit]
Designated marksman version of the M14, used by the U.S. Marine Corps. Replaced by the M39 Enhanced Marksman Rifle.
M39 Enhanced Marksman Rifle[edit]
Modified M14 DMR fitted with the same stock as Mk 14, used by the U.S. Marine Corps. Being replaced by the M110 Semi-Automatic Sniper System.[41]
M89SR Model 89 Sniper Rifle[edit]
The M89SR is an M14 in bullpup configuration first introduced by Sardius in the 1980s. Later produced by Technical Equipment International (TEI) for the Israel Defense Forces
AWC G2A Sniper Rifle[edit]
AWC G2A Sniper Rifle is a modified M14 with bullpup stock designed by Lynn McWilliams and Gale McMillian in the late 1990s. Produced and delivered for testing at the Fort Bragg sniper school.
M21, M25 sniper rifles[edit]
The M21 and M25 are accurized sniper rifle versions, built to closer tolerances than the standard M14. These are the more standard sniper rifle variants of the M14.
Commercial production[edit]
A U.S. Border Patrol Agent with M14 during a law enforcement memorial service
Armscorp M14[edit]
From 1987 to 1994, Armscorp of America or Armscorp USA produced investment-cast semi-auto M14 receivers. During the first year of production, Armscorp receivers were supplied by Smith Manufacturing of Holland, Ohio, which were heat treated and finish machined by Armscorp. From 1988 to 1994, a few receivers with an 'S' serial number prefix were made of stainless steel. From approximately 1994 until 2008, Armscorps receiver castings were supplied by the Lamothermic Corporation of Brewster, New York.
CAR 14[edit]
A product of Troy Industries the CAR 14 (Carbine Assault Rifle 14) is a smaller and lighter tactical version of the M14. Its barrel is 12.5 inches long and it weighs 7.9 pounds. The rifle has select fire ability, a threaded flash suppressor for a suppressor, a tactical rail on top for sights and other attachments, and the operating rod cover.[42]
Federal Ordnance[edit]
From 1984 to 1991, Federal Ordnance of South El Monte, California sold a semi-auto version of the M14 rifle.[43] Initially named the M14 or M14A, the rifle utilized an aftermarket semi-auto receiver fitted with surplus USGI M14 parts.[43] All receivers were machined from castings of AISI 8620 alloy steel. Except for the first fifty receivers, the castings were supplied by Electro Crisol Metal, S.A. of Santander, Spain, then imported to the US for heat treatment, finish machining, and exterior phosphate treatment. M14 and M14A receivers were heat-treated using the carburizing process by a firm in Santa Ana, California, followed by finish machining on a CNC machine at Federal Ordnance in South El Monte.[43] Federal Ordnance M14 and M14A receivers were heat-treated and carburized according to USGI M14 requirements.[43] Each completed production rifle was proof fired, then tested for functioning by firing three rounds.[43] USGI parts and bolts were used extensively in Federal Ordnance rifles through at least serial number 88XX.[43] In 1989, Federal Ordnance renamed the rifle the M14SA and M14CSA. Rifles in the 93XX serial range and higher have modified receivers designed to accept Chinese-made bolts, barrels, and other parts owing to a shortage of original USGI components.[43] Approximately 51,000 complete Federal Ordnance M14 rifles and 60,000 or more receivers were manufactured before production was halted in late 1991.[43]
La France Specialties M14K[edit]
The M14K is a commercial version of the M14 designed and built by Timothy F. LaFrance of La France Specialties of San Diego, California, most using forged receivers produced by Smith Enterprise of Tempe, Arizona. This rifle has a custom-made short barrel with a custom-made flash suppressor, shortened operating rod, and employs a unique gas tube system. Fully automatic versions have a removable flash suppressor. Semi-automatic versions (of which very few were made) have a silver-brazed flash hider to comply with the requirement that Title I firearms have a 16' barrel. Most M14Ks employ the M60 gas tube system. Some late-model M14Ks employ a custom-designed and manufactured gas system. Both are intended to control the rate of fire in fully automatic mode. The rear sight is a custom-made National Match type aperture, and the front sight is a custom-made narrow blade, wing-protected sight to take advantage of the additional accuracy afforded by the special barrel.
The stocks and handguards on M14Ks are shortened versions of the GI birch or walnut stock, but make use of the original front ferrule. The front sling mount is relocated slightly to rear, to accommodate the shortened stock. Most handguards are of the solid, fiberglass variety (albeit shortened), but a limited number were made with shortened wood handguards. The steel buttplate was deleted in favor of a rubber recoil pad, which greatly reduces perceived recoil. A limited number of M14Ks were manufactured with the BM-59 Alpine / Para folding stock. These too had the shortened stocks and handguards, making for an extremely compact package especially suited to vehicular and airborne operations. A couple of M14Ks were built for SEAL Team members using the tubular folding stock assembly on a cut-down M14E2 stock found on some of the Team's full-size M14s prior to adoption of the Sage International EBR stock for M14 applications. These are by far one of the rarest variants of the M14K.
Norinco[edit]
The Chinese firm Norinco manufactures versions of the M14 rifle known as the M14S (Sporter)[38][44] and the M305.[39] There are two versions of the M305. The M305A/B, one with the same barrel as the regular M14 and one with a short barrel.[45][46] The M305A is a M14 chambered to fire 7.62x39 ammo.[47] and the M305B is a M14 with an 18.5' barrel and chambered to fire in 7.62 NATO caliber.[48] Copies of the select-fire and semi-auto versions of the M14 were also made by Norinco.[44]
These rifles have been banned from importation (1989 for all Polytech rifles) and (1994 for Norinco rifles) to the U.S., due to a Clinton era prohibition on Chinese made firearms. They are commonly sold and are popular in Canada for hunting and target shooting.
Production of these M14s were contracted out to Yunnan Xiyi Industry Company Limited or State Factory Number 356 from the rifles to the 7.62 NATO magazines.[49][50]
Polytech Industries[edit]
Polytech Industries of China made an unlicensed version of the M14 rifle known as the M14S. Polytechs, unlike Norinco rifles, were all banned in the 1989 firearm importation ban by the President George HW Bush administration.[51]
Smith Enterprise, Inc[edit]
Smith Enterprise Inc. was founded as Western Ordnance in 1979 by Richard Smith in Mesa, Arizona and the company made numerous types of rifles, but specialized in the M1 Garand and M14.[52] In 1993, Western Ordnance reformed as Smith Enterprise and has built and rebuilt numerous M14 rifles for the US Military and the militaries of Colombia, Canada and other nations.[53][54]
The U.S. Department of Defense has contracted Smith Enterprise to build and modify M14 rifles for use by soldiers, Marines and sailors in Iraq and Afghanistan.[55] Smith Enterprise played a major part in the M14 rifle modernization projects for various US military units which resulted in the development of the U.S. Navy Mark 14 Enhanced Battle Rifle.[53][56][57]The company's history included originally making forged receivers for M14 rifles and briefly switching to investment casting.[52] Smith stopped making receivers for a few years, but reentered the market with receivers machined from bar stock in 2002.[53]
In 2003 Smith Enterprise Inc. created its version of the M14 Enhanced Battle Rifle known as the MK14 Mod 0, type SEI. The rifle used a medium heavy weight 18.0' barrel and was used as a basis to create the US Navy's Mark 14 Mod 0 with Springfield Armory, Inc. being tasked to supply the necessary machinery in cooperation with the Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Division.[53] SEI builds an improved M14 gas cylinder as a component of their specialized rifles and a part for the military to upgrade older rifles. The gas cylinder is assigned the NATO Stock Number: NSN 1005-00-790-8766.[58]
Springfield Armory[edit]
Springfield Armory, Inc. of Geneseo, Ill., produces a semi-automatic-only version of the M14 rifle. The standard rifle is known as the M1A. The company produces several variations of the basic rifle with different stocks, barrel weights, barrel lengths, and other optional features. The Springfield M1A and its model variants have been widely distributed in the U.S. civilian market and have seen use by various law enforcement agencies in the U.S. Springfield Armory, Inc. also produce the SOCOM series and the Scout Squad Rifle, based on the short-barreled version of the M14. The SOCOM 16 comes with provisions to mount a red dot sight and the SOCOM II adds railed handguards to the package. Springfield Armory's M21 tactical is a civilian version of the M21 Sniper Weapon System currently in use by the U.S. military.[59]
Gallery[edit]
- A U.S. soldier demonstrates shooting an M14 rifle to Iraqi Highway Patrol (IHP) police officers during training in Iraq, 2006.
- Sailors, 13th Marine Expeditionary Unit, enter the reeds on the edge of Lake Tharthar in Iraq to conduct cordon and search operations July 15, 2007.
- A U.S. soldier scans for activity during a combat patrol in Afghanistan, 2009.
- A soldier with an M14 equipped with a Sage M14ALCS chassis stock.
- Two Sea-Air-Land (SEAL) team members, one equipped with an AN/PAQ-1 laser target designator, right, the other armed with an M14 rifle, assume a defensive position
- Battle of Hamo Village During the Tet Offensive. US Marines and ARVN troops defend a position against enemy attack. Photo taken circa January 1968.
- Soldiers in a Niger army unit stand in formation while a dignitary visits their outpost during Operation Desert Shield. The men are armed with M14 rifles.
Conflicts[edit]
The M14 rifle has been used in the following conflicts:
- Vietnam War[60]
- Communist rebellion in the Philippines[61][62]
- Moro conflict[61][62]
- Ogaden War[63]
- Lebanese Civil War[citation needed]
- Gulf War[citation needed]
- Operation Gothic Serpent[citation needed]
- Somali Civil War[citation needed]
- Operation Desert Storm[citation needed]
- Iraq War[citation needed]
- Afghanistan War[citation needed]
- 2004 Haitian coup d'état[citation needed]
Users[edit]
- Afghanistan: Used by members of the Afghan National Army presidential guard for ceremonial duties.[64][65]
- Argentina: Used by Argentine soldiers of C Company, Regimento (Especial) de Infanteria 25 in the Falklands War at the Battle of Goose Green and San Carlos.[66]
- Australia: Small quantities of XM21 sniper variants were issued by the Australian Army in the Vietnam War. M14 EBRs were also fielded by Australian special operations forces in Afghanistan.[67][68][69]
- Central African Republic: Self-defence units[70]
- Colombia[71]
- Costa Rica[71]
- Dominican Republic[71]
- Ecuador[71]
- El Salvador[71]
- Eritrea[71]
- Estonia: Adopted by Estonian military as marksman's rifle, modified by E-Arsenal called the Täpsuspüss M14-TP (Precision Rifle M14-PR), with heavy barrel, bipod, synthetic stock, and optical 4× sight.[72][73]
- Ethiopia[71]
- Greece[74]
- Haiti: Used by Haitian security forces in the 2004 Haitian coup d'état.[66]
- Honduras[71]
- Iraq: Used by Iraqi special forces under Counter-Terrorism Service control.[75]
- Israel: Used as sniper rifle with eventual conversion and production as M89SR.[66][76] Israeli M14s were modified with full auto disabled and the buttstock modified to have a built-in cheek piece.[77]
- Latvia: Unknown number provided by the U.S. in the 1990s under military assistance program.[14]
- Lebanon: Used by the Tigers Militia and the Zgharta Liberation Army as a battle rifle, and by the Lebanese Forces militia as a sniper rifle in the Lebanese Civil War.[78]
- Lithuania: Lithuanian Armed Forces.[79]
- Malaysia: Pasukan Khas Laut of the Royal Malaysian Navy.[80]
- Morocco[74]
- Niger[71]
- Philippines: 104,000 used within the Armed Forces of the Philippines[74] with most decommissioned.[71][81][82]
- South Korea: Unknown number provided by the U.S. in the 1990s under military assistance program.[14] And nowadays most of the M14s were scrapped[citation needed] and small numbers are used for ceremonial duties.[83]
- Taiwan (Republic of China): Made under license as the Type 57.[66]
- Tunisia[71]
- Turkey: Unknown number provided by the U.S. in the 1990s under military assistance program.[14]
- Sudan: Used by Sudanese SLA rebels in Darfur.[citation needed]
- United States: Uses the M14SE, manufactured by Smith Enterprise Inc., in SDM roles[84] and has purchased M14s from other manufacturers. Also uses M14s custom built or modified in military armories, such as the M39 Enhanced Marksman Rifle. The M14 is issued to crew members on Military Sealift Command vessels.[85] The rifle is also used by the U.S. Border Patrol and by the Park Rangers of U.S. National Park Service.[86]
- Venezuela[87]
- Vietnam: After the Vietnam War, the People's Army of Vietnam inherited a large quantity of M14 rifles from the Republic of Vietnam Military Forces. In 2016 Factory Z113 successfully put the 7.62×51mm cartridge (designated M80) into mass-production for use in these M14 and other NATO firearms like the M60 machine gun and FN MAG.[88]
See also[edit]
Serial Number Download Manager
References[edit]
- ^ abScott A. Duff; John M. Miller (C.W.O.) (1996). The M14 owner's guide and match conditioning instructions. S.A. Duff Publications. pp. 20–21. ISBN978-1-888722-07-9. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
- ^ abR. Blake Stevens (June 1991). Us Rifle M14: From John Garand to the M21. Collector Grade Publications. p. 245. ISBN978-0-88935-110-3. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
- ^Miller, David (2001). The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns. Salamander Books Ltd. ISBN1-84065-245-4.
- ^'Picatinny: Products'. Archived from the original on 2010-01-10. Retrieved 2009-11-15.
- ^FM 23-8, M14 and M14A1 Rifles and Rifle Marksmanship, Headquarters, Department of the Army, April 1974, p. 7
- ^TC 23-14, Sniper Training and Employment, Headquarters Department of the Army, October 1969 p. 17
- ^Headquarters, Department of the Army. TM 9-1005-223-10, Operator's Manual for Rifle, 7.62-mm, M14, W/E (1005-589-1271); Rifle, 7.62-MM, M14A1, W/E (1005-072-5011); Bipod, Rifle, M2 (1005–71 1–6202) w/ Changes 1 and 2. Washington, DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army, 1973
- ^FM 23-8, 1969
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- ^ abcdePopenker, Maxim (2010-11-10). 'M14 rifle'.
- ^ abcdefghiStevens, R. Blake, The FAL Rifle, Collector Grade Publications, ISBN0-88935-168-6, ISBN978-0-88935-168-4 (1993)
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- ^ abAn Analysis of the Infantry's Need for an Assault Submachine Gun, p. 9
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- ^Polytech M14 Rifle.Archived 2008-12-09 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on September 24, 2008.
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- ^ ab'Norinco M305'. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2010-02-03.
- ^http://www.cgsc.edu/carl/docrepository/fm23_8_1965.pdfArchived 2014-04-20 at the Wayback Machine M14 Departement of the Army Field Manual
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- ^'Troy Industries CAR-14 - SHOT Show 2011 - AR15.Com'. Youtube.com. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
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- ^Walker, Robert E. (26 November 2012). Cartridges and Firearm Identification. CRC Press. p. 278. ISBN978-1-4665-0206-2. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
- ^'Communist Heresy: Norinco's M305A M14 in 7.62x39mm'. 22 September 2017.
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- ^Shideler, Dan (14 April 2010). The Official Gun Digest Book of Guns & Prices 2010: Rifles, Pistols & Shotguns. Iola, Wisconsin: Gun Digest Books. p. 710. ISBN978-1-4402-1454-7. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
- ^ abThompson, Jim (2001). The Classic M1 Garand: An Ongoing Legacy For Shooters And Collectors. Boulder, Colorado: Paladin Press. p. 16. ISBN9781581602609.
- ^ abcdCutshaw, Charles Q (2006). 'New-era M14 alleviates reliability issues'. Jane's International Defence Review. 39: 87. ISSN0020-6512.
- ^Poyer (2006), p. 21.
- ^Poyer, Joe (2006). The M14-Type Rifles: A Shooter's and Collector's Guide, 3rd Edition. Tustin, California: North Cape Publications Inc. pp. 37–38. ISBN978-1882391424.
- ^Peterson, Phillip (30 November 2010). Gun Digest Buyer's Guide to Tactical Rifles. Iola, Wisconsin: Gun Digest Books. p. 75. ISBN978-1-4402-1793-7. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
- ^Peterson, Phillip (28 February 2011). Gun Digest Buyer's Guide to Assault Weapons. Iola Wisconsin: F&W Media. p. 118. ISBN978-1-4402-2672-4. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
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- ^Springfield Armory. Springfield Armory. Retrieved on 2011-09-27.
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Further reading[edit]
- Duff, Scott A., John M. Miller, and contributing editor David C. Clark. The M14 Owner's Guide and Match Conditioning Instructions. Export, Penn.: Scott A. Duff Publications, 1996. ISBN1-888722-07-X.
- Murphy, Edward F. The Hill Fights: The First Battle of Khe Sanh. Novato, Calif.: Presidio Press, 2003. ISBN0-89141-747-8.
- Pisor, Robert L. The End of the Line: The Siege of Khe Sanh. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2002. ISBN0-393-32269-6.
- Rose, Alexander. American Rifle: A Biography. New York: Bantam Dell Publishing, 2008. ISBN978-0-553-80517-8.
- Stevens, R. Blake. U.S. Rifle M14: From John Garand to the M21. Toronto: Collector Grade Publications, Inc., 1995. ISBN0-88935-110-4.
- Thompson, Leroy (2014). The M14 Battle Rifle. Weapon 37. Osprey Publishing. ISBN9781472802552.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to M14. |
- The short film How the M14 7.62 Rifle Operates - US Army Training Film is available for free download at the Internet Archive
- M14 at the Internet Movie Firearms Database
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